Bio Oil of Waste Tobacco Stem: Extraction, Physicochemical Properties, and Its Biological Activities
Author(s): Heri Prabowo*, Sigid Handoko, Miswarti, Sri Widyaningsih, Harwanto and Susi Wuryantini
Abstract
Tobacco has been cultivated as a commercial crop by Indonesian farmersfor a long time. The content of tobacco waste makes 24% of the weightof tobacco leaf. In 2014, tobacco plantation produced approximately39,902.88 tonnage waste. There is a potential use of tobacco stem forbotanical pesticide. In Indonesia, the use of tobacco waste for botanicalpesticide is practiced by Tani Punik Mitra Farmers group. The active ingredients in nicotine are believed to support the effectiveness of its use in the field. Pyrolysis is another technology that can be used to make a pesticide from tobacco stem. The pyrolysis process shall result in bio oil that has many benefits as antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticide, and insect repellent. Bio oil obtained from tobacco waste can perform as an insecticide. The insecticide properties of bio oil can be seen from its chemical contents. Bio oil from tobacco leaves can cause death to Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in 24 hours after treatment. Mostly, bio oil acts as a contact poison, stomach poison, antifeedant, and insect repellent. It is possible because of the acetic acid contained in it, which can cause damage to the permeability of insect cuticle. The application of bio oil from conara wood can repel mosquitoes from the species of Culex pipiens and Aedes togoi. Bio oil originated from
May organic materials can be used as an insecticide for controlling pests. Bio oil plays more role as a contact poison rather than stomach poison, antifeedant, and repellent. The acetic acid in bio oil damages the permeability of insect cuticles that result in their death. Bio oil originated from May organic materials can be used as an antimicrobial and botanical pesticide.