Bionanotissue Engineering in Cardiac Regeneration: Staying young at Heart on Public
Author(s): Bhaskar Rao Bollineni, Lakshmi Lalitha. D, Vemuri Praveen Kumar, P. Eshwar Rao, Sunjana Nelluri, Sahithi Kamepalli, M. Chetan, K. Seetha Reddy and N. Kanaka Durga Devi*
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide for cardiovascular illnesses, which continue to be a major public health problem. The effectiveness of conventional therapy in promoting heart regeneration is limited. A rapidly developing technology called bionanomaterials has great potential to meet this unmet medical need. In this work, we assessed the use of bionanomaterials for heart regeneration, more especially tailored nanoparticles and nanofiber scaffolds. This study focused on specially created biocompatible nanoparticles loaded with heart growth agents and nanofiber scaffolds to offer structural support. Different drug delivery methods including nanoparticles for therapeutic medication delivery were discussed. According to our study, bionanomaterial-based treatments markedly improved cardiac function, decreased the size of the infarct, and increased the density of cardiomyocytes in the infarcted area. Endogenous heart repair was encouraged by the prolonged release of growth factors from nanoparticles and the three-dimensional structural support offered by nanofiber scaffolds. In treated hearts, histological investigation showed increased angiogenesis, decreased fibrosis, and improved cardiomyocyte alignment. With the potential to completely change the way that ischemic heart disease is treated, bionanomaterials provide a viable path for cardiac regeneration. Myocardial repair is facilitated by the combination of growth factor-loaded nanoparticles and nanofiber scaffolds, which increase angiogenesis, decrease fibrosis, and boost cardiomyocyte proliferation. These findings raise optimism for better outcomes for patients with heart illness by indicating that bionanomaterial-based therapies have a great deal of potential for therapeutic applications in cardiac regeneration in the future. For these discoveries to be translated into practical therapies for human patients, more investigation and clinical testing are required.
